This guide outlines how to resolve Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0016: Crankshaft Position vs. Camshaft Position Correlation for the ISUZU 4JJ1 engine used in Hitachi construction equipment.
Overview of DTC P0016
The DTC P0016 is triggered when the Engine Control Module (ECM) detects a misalignment between the crankshaft and camshaft positions. This is often due to improper timing between the crankshaft position (CKP) sensor and camshaft position (CMP) sensor.
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DTC P0016 – CKP vs. CMP Sensor Information
- CKP Sensor Location: Mounted on the rear left side of the cylinder block, it reads a rotor attached to the crankshaft with 56 notches spaced 6° apart and a 30° opening indicating the top dead center (TDC) of cylinder #1.
- CMP Sensor Location: Installed on the timing sprocket cover at the front of the cylinder head, it detects five lobes per engine cycle from a sprocket with four bosses spaced 90° apart and one reference boss.
The ECM correlates the CKP and CMP signals to ensure proper engine timing. If these signals are not synchronized, DTC P0016 is set.
DTC Setting Conditions
Prerequisites:
- Ignition is ON
- Engine is running
- CKP and CMP signals are detected
- DTCs P0335, P0336, P0340, P0651, and P1655 are not set
Setting Condition:
- The ECM detects misalignment between CKP and CMP signals.
Diagnostic Procedure
Step 1: OBD System Check
- Priority DTC Check:
- Connect a diagnostic tool.
- Turn the ignition OFF for 30 seconds.
- Start the engine (or crank for 10 seconds if it doesn’t start).
- Check for DTCs P0335, P0336, or P0340.
- If any of these DTCs are present, address them first. Otherwise, proceed to the sensor check.
Step 2: Inspect CKP and CMP Sensors
Check the following for both CKP and CMP sensors:
- Physical damage
- Loose or incorrect installation
- Excessive sensor-to-rotor clearance
- Foreign debris between sensor and rotor/sprocket
- Damaged sensor rotor or sprocket
- Loose or improperly installed sensor rotor or sprocket
Repair or replace any damaged components, then proceed to check the timing components.
Step 3: Inspect Timing Components
- Timing Wheel and Chain:
- Verify correct installation of the timing wheel and chain.
- Check for a faulty or worn timing chain tensioner.
- Inspect for excessive play or skipped teeth in the timing chain.
Repair or replace components as needed.
Step 4: Repair Verification
- Clear the DTCs using a diagnostic scan tool.
- Turn the ignition OFF for at least 30 seconds.
- Start the engine.
- Perform a test drive under conditions that would trigger the DTC.
- Check the scan tool for any recurrence of DTC P0016.
If no new DTC is set, the procedure is complete.
This procedure will guide you through resolving P0016 and ensure the crankshaft and camshaft are properly synchronized in the Hitachi ISUZU 4JJ1 engine.